The lesser anteater (Tamandua tetradactyla) is not tetradactyla, but pentadactyla.

The name of the species tetradactyla means "four digits." In the literature, the hand of the lesser anteater (Tamandua tetradactyla) is described as having four digits (I, II, III and IV) with the absence of a fifth digit. The purpose of this study was to carry out an update adequately proposing an anatomical description of the T. tetradactyla hand. The present findings were analysed on the validation of Morse's law for this species. In total, seven male cadavers were radiographed and dissected. We observed that the hand of the T. tetradactyla was formed by a carpus containing four bones in the proximal row, which in the medium lateral direction was the radial, intermediate, ulnar and accessory bones of the carpus, and the distal row was formed by carpal bones I, II, III and IV. There were five metacarpal bones (I, II, III, IV and V). The presence of five digits was verified but not confirmed with the literature. Digit I had two phalanges, the proximal and distal; digits II, III and IV had three phalanges: proximal, middle and distal. Digit five had only one phalanx, the proximal, but it was not externally visible. According to the findings of this study, the presence of the fifth digit raises the question of whether the term tetradactyla is the most appropriate to describe this species. This rudimentary fifth digit and the presence of a functional first digit show that the Morse's law does not applies for the T. tetradactyla species.

Influence of different types of lamps on the reproductive development of male Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica).

Reproductive tract development during puberty is critical to reproductive performance, and the light is crucial in this process in birds. However, in male quail, there is little information on the effects of types of lamps, more specifically the wavelength emitted. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the effects of types of lamps on the reproductive performance of male Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Two hundred and forty male quail were exposed to six different types of lamp (incandescent, white fluorescent, or blue, white, red or green LED). The experimental design was completely randomized with six treatments and five replicates of one quail. Quail were slaughtered on days 35, 47, 57, 71 and 123 to evaluate the development of testes. On day 117, semen samples were analyzed and fertilized eggs were incubated. Body weight of the quails was influenced (P < 0.01) by lamps only until the 47 days of age. Higher body weight until this age were observed with incandescent, blue and green LED bulbs. Fluorescent and red LED bulbs propitiated (P < 0.05) early testicular development of quails but, at 57 days of age, higher testicular development was obtained (P < 0.01) whit white LED bulbs. Lower testicular development was observed (P < 0.01) at 123 days of age with the red LED. No influence of different types of lamps was observed (P > 0.05) on the quality of semen nor on the fertility rates of quail. It is concluded that lamps can influence the histological reproductive characteristics of male quails, but without influencing the semen quality. Fluorescent bulbs and red LED seem to anticipate the sexual maturity, but the white LED results in higher testicular development at 57 days of age.